Professional Services Resource Management

Enablers and Business Value

Resource Rates, Skills, and Availability

Provides a single repository of resource rate, skill, and availability information to the organization. Resulting business outcomes include:

We can identify resources with specific skills for work.
We can define specific cost and billing rates for resources, job titles, and the organization.
We can understand the impact of vacations, absences, and other overhead activities on resource capacity.
We can determine the overall organizational capacity to deliver work: project and non-project work.
We have accurate information on the non-availability of resources to factor into the opportunity capacity planning and resource management processes.

Resource Assignments and Utilization

Provides the ability to track and manage the assignments of named resources to work on projects or discrete activities within projects. Identify over and under allocations and understand future demand on teams. Resulting business outcomes include:

Based on our organizational structure and resource role classifications, we can measure the demand for resources to deliver project and non-project work.
We can determine and visualize the overall utilization of resource teams.
We can assign demand to named resources.
We can identify under- and over-utilized resources and take actions to optimize resource utilization.

Time and Expense Management

Monitor the progress of work, together with actual hours and costs. Resulting business outcomes include:

Our resources can report actual hours worked through their weekly timesheet, including planned project work, other planned work, and non-planned work and absences.
We can use timesheet data to update our project schedules with actual effort and dates to determine costs using resource rates.
We can monitor timesheet status and measure compliance of timesheet submission and approval against our organizational targets, driving up-to-date project data and resource utilization data.

Best Practices

Account for margin

When operating in an externally focused model that bills customers for work, maintaining profitable margins is vital. Ensure that the cost of utilizing a given resource is always considered when planning projects, in addition to the skillsets and experience needed to deliver. Having set rates for resources, along with costs, will help to easily understand this aspect of allocations so that margins can be optimized.

Utilize different assignment types

Hard-named resources work well for short-term planning when detailed information is known. Switch to soft-booking for medium-term planning and prioritization processes, and book unnamed, role-based resources for long-term planning or situations when the specific resource is unknown.

Factor in non-project time

There will always be natural time loss from common administrative tasks like email and general meetings. Ensure that this time loss is considered along with administrative time and paid time off when planning, both long- and short-term, and provide a mechanism to capture time spent on unplanned projects to maintain visibility into this reduction of capacity.

Implement time reporting

Tracking and reporting time empowers resource managers with the visibility needed to ensure resources are focused on the right work, allowing them to make better resource allocation decisions. It provides data on the amount of effort certain tasks require – which can be used to improve forecasting – and allows stakeholders to evaluate the amount of time spent on projects that maximize ROI versus maintenance work.

Find the right skillsets

A lack of the skillsets necessary to deliver required outcomes is a common problem among teams, especially with specific skillsets that are in high demand. Whenever possible, keep your teams fully dedicated to optimizing work execution instead of sharing resources across teams. As work is planned, compare the skillsets that are required against those your teams currently possess, and build out teams of dedicated resources with the skillsets in high demand for the work.

Focus on people

To ensure that the right resources are on the right work at the right time, resource managers should be prepared to manage unexpected changes and conflicts, and to resolve these conflicts as painlessly as possible while still maintaining organizational priorities. Throughout the process, it’s important to help resources remain productive and happy, and managers should take special care to avoid overutilization, multi-tasking, or time-slicing resources.

Plan for conflicts

Resource conflicts will inevitably arise in any portfolio of work, and in professional services, it is often due to customers increasing scope. Having a plan for how to manage these conflicts by pulling in contractors or partners will ease this process, and in cases where not all work can be completed, ensure there are clear guidelines to prioritize resources based on profitability and customer value.

Processes and Reports

PS resource management.png

Professional services resource management allows you to optimize your strategic objectives by ensuring your resources are working on the right projects at the right time. By providing a single repository of resource availability information to your organization, resource managers can track and manage assignments of named resources, forecast future demand, perform what-if capacity and demand scenario planning, and collect time reporting information to measure actual project hours and costs.

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Planview AdaptiveWork

Resource Rates, Skills, and Availability Process Steps

Resource rates, skills, and availability process flow

AW PS Resource Managemement - Resource Rates Skills Availability Process Flow.png — Resource rates, skills, and availability process flow

Process Step	Description
Define resource attributes	Use the Job Titles module to assign a job title to each resource. You can also assign resources to groups and assign the Resource Manager role in the User Groups module. For more information: Preparing your environment
Set resource rates	Resource rates are set within a hierarchy: The user-level rate is assigned to individual resources. The job title-level rate will apply when there is no rate set at the user level. The organizational-level rate will apply when there is no rate set at the user or job title levels. Set cost and billing rates for users in the People module and job titles in the Job Titles module. Typically, cost rates are used as an internal rate, while billing rates are used as an external rate. A resource may have both regular and overtime rates set. Rates are date effective, with the applicable rate based on the start date of the work item. Once the work item has started, the rate does not change from period to period.
Manage resource skills	Use the Skills module to add new skills and assign resources to a skill set. Once assigned, resource managers will be able to see user skills listed in the skills column, and can filter by skills when assigning a resource.
Manage resource availability (non-project work, planned absences)	Resource availability is defined by adding typical working hours, company holidays, and planned absences to the organizational, group, and user calendars. On the organizational calendar, typical working hours and weekends are defined at the organizational level, unless the organization represents more than one country. On the group calendar, different user groups are defined to represent different countries, and country-specific working hours and holidays are defined at the group level. On the user AdaptiveWork calendar, resources define their availability by adding an exception for planned absences or vacation. Resources can also define their availability by limiting their availability for new projects in the Properties Card. Resource managers use the Resource Load module to view the resource availability of their direct reports, groups they manage, and their own assigned work. For more information: Resource Management Best Practices Managing Resource Loads

Resource Assignments and Utilization Process Steps

CZ Resource Assignments and Utilization Process Flow.png — *Resource assignments and utilization process flow*

Process Step	Description
Identify incoming resource demand	Use the Requested Demand vs. Availability view in the Capacity Planning module to identify and quantify all incoming demand placed against resources to maintain a balanced and efficient level of resource utilization. To quantify resource demand, project managers submit Staffing Requests for resource effort that is needed to complete a project. Resource managers can also view resource load and availability for individuals and groups they directly manage in the Resource Load module.
Identify resource utilization issues	Identify over- or underutilized resources. Once these are identified, take mitigating actions to ensure the delivery of projects and effective use of organizational resources is maintained.
Feedback of resource comfort levels	Obtain feedback from individual resources to determine how each feels about their current workload to determine whether resources are over- or underutilized.
Manage resource utilization	Quantify and balance resource utilization in the context of demand and capacity to determine the ability of the organization to deliver work. Ensure the workload for resources remains balanced and is neither over- nor underutilized. Using techniques such as eliminating resource overload, a resource manager can balance a project's resource demand against resource capacity to make informed decisions about resource utilization. This ensures an accurate view into the organization's ability to deliver work and manage resource effort and costs efficiently. For more information: What is Capacity Planning? An Introduction
Prioritize work	Project managers and resource managers should maintain a two-way dialog throughout the work plan execution, and use the Demand table in the Capacity Planning module to sort projects by priority and ensure resources are assigned to the higher-priority projects. Resource managers can discuss staffing requests with project managers using the Discussion feature. Project managers receive Staffing Request changes through email notifications and daily status updates, and can view updates in the Staffing Requests panel.
Approve request/assign resources	Resource managers review, approve, assign, or reject resource requests for projects. If a request is rejected, a discussion post with the reason why can be created for the project manager to view in the Staffing Requests panel.
Balance workload	Take actions to maintain a balanced workload; it may be appropriate to redistribute resources, shift assignments, or increase resource capacity. In the Capacity Planning module, resource managers can view resource load and demand by group, job title, or user, identify potential bottlenecks, create “what-if” scenarios, evaluate resource availability, and assign resources based on current and forecasted demand. Resource managers can also balance resource utilization and manage resource assignments for groups and users they manage in the Resource Load module.
Reassign resources	Manage critically over- and underutilized resources by using the Review and Assign function in the Capacity Planning module, or reassign resources in the Resource Load view. This allows resource managers to maintain the resource commitment effort required to deliver the work. Changes from the planned resource utilization, such as unexpected leave or the slippage of project activities, could leave resources critically over-utilized, and should be managed so resources can complete the work.

Time and Expense Management Process Steps

CZ Time and Expense Management Process Flow.png — *Time and expense management process flow*

Process Step	Description
Do work	Resources carry out the work that has been assigned to them.
Report hours	In the Timesheet module, resources report time spent doing work on timesheets. Resources can report time spent on assigned tasks, as well as add a work item to report time on unplanned work. Other supported features include resources reporting time on work items, and the automation of time reporting using the AdaptiveWork Bot.
Submit timesheet	Resources submit their timesheet after they report time spent on tasks. Timesheets can also be configured to auto-submit time.
Approval	Timesheets are reviewed and approved in the Approvals module. The timesheet approver role is flexible, and can be delegated to a project manager, resource manager, direct manager, or temporary approver. There are three timesheet approval process options, and the preferred timesheet approval flow can be selected in System Settings: Auto-submit and approve – time is automatically submitted and approved once entered. Require only submit – submitting initiates the financial calculations and time is auto-approved. Require approval – requires both submission and approval of time entries; financial calculations are based on approved hours. For more information: Timesheet Approvals Updates Time Tracking Settings
Approved timesheets integrated into actual effort	Once timesheet approval is granted, resource hours are reflected in the related projects and percentage complete is updated on work items.